(Komi-Permyak)
NCopDep
NCopDep: Depending on certain grammatical circumstances, the copula does occur with nominal predicates.
| (1) | me | velötiś. |
|---|
| I | teacher |
| ’I am a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
| (2) | te | velötiś. |
|---|
| you | teacher |
| ’You are a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
| (3) | eta | nyvka | velötiś. |
|---|
| this | girl | teacher |
| ’This girl is a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
| (4) | te | abu | velötiś. |
|---|
| te | COP.NEG | teacher |
| ’You are not a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
| (5) | ti | abu-öś | velötiś-śez. |
|---|
| you.PL | COP.NEG‑PL | teacher‑PL |
| ’You are not teachers.’ (L. P.) |
| (6) | te | völ-i-n | velötiś. |
|---|
| you | COP‑PST‑2SG | teacher |
| ’You were a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
| (7) | me | lo-a | velötiś. |
|---|
| I | COP‑FUT.1SG | teacher |
| ’I will be a teacher.’ (L. P.) |
In Komi-Permyak sentences with nominal predication there is no copula in affirmative present tense indicative mood (1)–(3). The copula is obligatory everywhere else. In negative sentences the copula agrees with the subject only in number (4)–(5), whereas in past (6) and future tense (7) number as well as person agreement take place (cf. Bartens 2000: 265–267, Lobanova 2017).
Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás
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