(Komi-Permyak)

PassSynt & PassAn

PassSynt: Passive constructions are synthetic.

PassAn: Passive constructions are analytic.

(1)ajkalebt-i-skerku-sö.
manbuildpst3sghouseacc.3sg
’The man built the house.’ (L. P.)

(2)kerkulebt-öm.
housebuildptcp.pst
’The house has been built.’ (L. P.)

(3)kerkuvölilebt-öm(ajka-ez-ön).
houseis.pst.3sgbuildptcp.pstmanplins
’The house was built (by the men).’ (L. P.)

(4)kerkujurvölinöböt-ömtöl-ön.
househeadvan.pst.3sgtakeptcp.pstwindins
’The roof of the house was blown away by the wind.’ (L. P.)

(5)kerkulebt-ömaś.
housebuildptcp.pass
’The house has been built.’ (L. P.)

Komi-Permyak passive sentences contain the participle form of the verb (2)–(5) (cf. Bartens 2000: 238–241). The object of the active sentence (1) is the subject of the passive one (3)–(5). Passive sentences can have either the shorter (2)–(4) or the longer (5) form of the participle. In case the subject of the active sentence is inanimate, e.g. an external force (4), it can appear in instrumental case after passivization. Less frequently, animate, or even human subjects of the active sentence can do so as well (3) (L. P.,  F. Gulyás 2016). Further research is needed to clarify the details.

Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás


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