(Komi-Permyak)

NegAux / NegPtclStc

NegAux: Negation of the predicate is expressed through the use of an auxiliary verb, plus a form of the lexical verb.

NegPtclStc: Negation of the predicate is expressed through the use of a standard negative word, which can also function alone as a sentence.

(1)tetöd-a-n(ja)öndi-ös?
youknowprs2sgqAndreyacc
’Do you know Andrey?’ (L. P.)

(2)og,meogtödsijö.
neg.1sgIneg.1sgknow.cngő.acc
’No, I don’t know him.’ (L. P.)

(3)temun-i-ntönpyvśanin-ö?
yougopst2sgyesterdaybathhouseill
’Did you go to the bathhouse yesterday?’ (L. P.)

(4)eg,meegmun.
neg.pst.1sgIneg.pst.1sggo.cng
’No, I didn’t go.’ (L. P.)

(5)mort-tezmun-öm-aśvör-ö?
manplgopst23plforestill
’Did the men go to the forest?’ (L. P.)

(6)abu,nijaabumun-öm-aś.
negtheyneggopst2pl
’No, they didn’t go.’ (L. P.)

In Komi-Permyak, lexical verbs are negated with the help of a negative verb inflected for person which combines with the connegative form of the lexical verb (1)–(4) (Bartens 2000: 187, Ponomareva 2002: 127–140). In order to negate second (non-witnessed) past forms the negative particle abu is used, which can also function alone as a sentence (Ponomareva 2010: 266).

Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás


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