(Komi-Permyak)
Nom
Nom: Two categories are distinguished from a morphosyntactic perspective: 1. Sa, Snona, Aa and Anona; 2. P This type is known as nominative or nominative–accusative.
| (1) | öndi | uź-ö. |
|---|
| Andrey | sleep‑prs.3sg |
| ’Andrey is sleeping.’ (L. P.) | |
| (2) | öndi | kotraś-ö. |
|---|
| Andrey | run‑prs.3sg |
| ’Andrey is running.’ (L. P.) | |
| (3) | öndi | ju-ö | va. |
|---|
| Andrey | drink‑prs.3sg | water |
| ’Andrey drinks water.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (4) | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö | maša-ös. |
|---|
| Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg | Masha‑acc |
| ’Andrey is waiting for Masha.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (5) | öndi | viʒ́ćiś-ö | ńebög-sö. |
|---|
| Andrey | wait‑prs.3sg | book‑acc.3sg |
| ’Andrey is waiting for his book.’ (L. P.) | | |
| (6) | öndi-sö | kyn-t-ö. |
|---|
| Andrey‑acc | freeze‑caus‑prs.3sg |
| ’Andrey is cold.’ (L. P.) | |
In Komi-Permyak, the nominal S argument of intransitive verbs (1)–(2) and the nominal A argument of transitive verbs (3)–(5) have nominative case. For expressing the object the language has differential object marking (DOM, cf. Klumpp 2012). Inanimate objects are usually unmarked (3), while animate ones are marked (4). Inanimate objects indicating definite entities (5), however, have a special, possessive-based accusative form (Bartens 2000: 92–93, 331–335, Ponomareva 2010: 91–95). Certain verbs that have a transitive grammar (e.g. those with the causative suffix) (6) have only one argument, which is in the accusative case (for more on this question see F. Gulyás 2016: 171–175).
Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás
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