(Komi-Permyak)

RelPro & CorrelPro & RcnonO

RelPro: Object-headed relative clauses include both the nominal head of the relative clause in the main clause and an obligatory coreferential pronoun in the relative clause. The pronoun is marked as the object of the relative clause, while the nominal head is marked for the role it plays in the main clause.

CorrelPro: Object-headed relative clauses obligatorily include both the nominal head in the relative clause and either the same noun or a more generic term in the main clause.

RCnonO: While the nominal head of a relative clause can be understood to be the object of the clause, this role is not marked grammatically; instead, the noun is only marked for its syntactic role in the main clause.

(1)mepantaś-ińikar-ynnyvka-köt,ködööniviʒ́ćiś-a-n.
ImeetPST.1SGalreadycityINEgirlCOMwhich.ACCnowwaitPRS2SG
’I already met in the city the girl you are waiting for now.’ (L. P.)
(2)nyvkaez,ködöviʒ́ćiśan,olönyperemyn.
girl-PLwhich.ACCwait-PRS-2SGlive-PRS.3PLPerm-INE
’The girls you are waiting for live in Perm.’ (L. P.)
(3)ködönyvkaviʒ́ćiśan,sykötpantaśińikaryn.
which.ACCgirl-ACC.3SGwait-PRS-2SGshe.COMmeet-PST.1SGalreadycity-INE
’That girl you are waiting for, I already met her in the city.’ (L. P.)
(4)bekörynemvundalömkartoška.
plate-INEbe.PRScut-PTCP.PSTpotatoes
’There are sliced potatoes on the plate.’ (L. P.)

In Komi-Permyak, relative clauses can be expressed by subordinate clauses containing a finite verb (1)–(3), or non-finite constructions (4) (cf. Lobanova 2017: 90–91). The head noun can be external to the subordinate clause (1)–(2) and appear in the case form determined by the main clause, with a relative pronoun representing it in the subordinate clause in the case form required there (accusative in (1)–(2)). Alternatively, the head noun may be part of the subordinate clause in the form determined by its role there (3) (accusative in the example), with the relative pronoun showing case concord and a personal pronoun representing it in the main clause. In non-finite constructions the case of the head noun is determined by the main clause (4) (L. P.).

Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás


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