(Komi-Permyak)
ConjCat=7
ConjCat=7: Number of verbal inflectional categories is 7.
| (1) | sija | mun-ö |
|---|
| (s)he | go‑PRS.3SG |
| ’(s)he goes’ (L. P.) |
| (2) | sija | oz | mun |
|---|
| (s)he | NEG.PRS.3SG | go.CNG |
| ’(s)he does not go’ (L. P.) |
| (3) | sija | mun-a-s |
|---|
| (s)he | go‑FUT‑3SG |
| ’(s)he will go’ (L. P.) |
| (4) | sija | pond-a-s | mun-ny |
|---|
| (s)he | begin‑FUT‑3SG | go‑INF |
| ’(s)he will go’ (L. P.) |
| (5) | sija | mun-i-s |
|---|
| (s)he | go‑PST‑3SG |
| ’(s)he went’ (L. P.) |
| (6) | sija | abu | mun-öm(a) |
|---|
| (s)he | NEG | go‑PST2.3SG |
| ’(s)he (reportedly) did not go’ (L. P.) |
| (7) | sija | mun-öm | völ-öm |
|---|
| (s)he | go‑PST2.3SG | be‑PST2.3SG |
| ’(s)he went’ (L. P.) |
| (8) | mun-ö |
|---|
| go‑IMP.2PL |
| ’Go (you all)!’ (L. P.) |
| (9) | sija | mun-i-s | by |
|---|
| (s)he | go‑PST‑3SG | PCL |
| ’(s)he would go’ (L. P.) | |
Komi-Permyak verbs can be morphologically marked for the number and person of the subject (1)–(9), polarity (2), (6), mood (8)–(9), tense (1)–(7), (9), and evidentiality (cf. Bartens 2000: 173–228, Ponomareva 2002: 124–143, Ponaryadov 2002). The first and second simple past tenses (5)-(6) can also be used to express evidentiality (see also the parameters on Evidentiality and Coding of evidentials). Aspect is occasionally treated as an independent category, different types of which can only be expressed using past tense forms (5)–(7). Further research is needed to clarify whether aspect is indeed an independent category of the language.
Author: Nikolett F. Gulyás
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