(Meadow Mari)

SuffAdvSb & FinalAdvSb / FinalAdvSb + SuffAdvSb

SuffAdvSb: The language uses suffixes as a means for embedded adverbial subordination that appear (directly or indirectly) after the verbal stem.

FinalAdvSb: An independent subordinator appears at the end of the subordinate clause.

(1)šukomalə-medečvuj-emkoršt-a.
muchsleepPTCP.PASSfromhead1SGache3SG
’Sleeping too much gives me a headache.’ (Riese et al. 2022: 172)

(2)čerlanə-mə-lankörakoncert-əšəš-nakaje.
get_illPTCP.PASSDATdue_toconcertILLNEG.PST11PLgo.CNG
’Due to illness we did not go to the concert.’

(3)tud-əmjü-mkečəlan=atmotkočrušt-ən-ət.
itACCdrinkCVB.PRIeverybody=alsoveryget_drunkPST23PL
’After drinking it everybody got very drunk.’ (Arkhangelskiy 2019)

(4)koč-modečvarakofe-mjü-əna.
eatPTCP.PASSfromlatercoffeeACCdrink1PL
’We drink coffee after eating.’ (Riese et al. 2022: 194)

In Meadow Mari the most common way to embed non-finite adverbial clauses is using a variety of lexemes at the end of the phrase (1)─(2), (4). A small subset of these lexemes takes dative case (2). Non-finite temporal adverbial subordination may be realized by the use of a special group of converb-forming suffixes (-meke ’after’, -meške ’before’, -šəla ’during’) (3), a part of which can also be expressed by the combination of a postposition and an adverb (4).

Author: Bogáta Timár


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