(Meadow Mari)

VPsbl (& SuffPsbl)

VPsbl: Possibility is expressed through the use of an independent word that appears (indirectly or directly) after the verb.

SuffPsbl: Possibility is expressed through the use of suffixes attaching to the verb stem.

(1)ďima12ijaš,sadlantud-lankarusel-əššinč-ašlij-eš.
Dyima12year_oldsoheDATcarouselILLsitINFbe3SG
’Dyima is 12 years old, so he can sit on the carousel.’ (elicited)

(2)tugežeməjpialanul-amman-ənkert-am.
for_thisIhappybe1SGsayCVBcan3SG
’So I can say that I am happy.’ (Arkhangelskiy 2019)

(3)voz-enmošt-et?oj,pešmošt-em.
writeCVBcan2SGohverycan1SG
’Can you write? But of course I can.’ (Bartens 1999: 24)

(4)tugežeeŋer-əštekolšukolij-šaš.
sothisriverINEfishlotbePTCP.FUT
’So there must be a lot of fish in this river.’ (Korp.)

In Meadow Mari possibility is expressed using verbal constructions or epistemic modifiers. In verbal constructions the independent lexeme always follows the main verb (1)─(3). The future participle -šaš, which mostly has a meaning of situational necessity, can also express epistemic modality, more exactly the high likelihood of something (4).

Author: Bogáta Timár


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