(Udmurt)

NoSMark & Neutr

NoSMark: The function S is not explicitly marked, while P, A, or both are marked. S is therefore marked with a zero (∅) morpheme.

Neutr: Case alignment is neutral: the functions S, A, and P are not marked morphologically.

(1)soiź-e.
(s)hesleep3SG
’(S)he is sleeping.’ (Y. S.)

(2)monso-jeutća-śko.
I(s)he/itACClook_forPRS.3SG
’I am looking for her/him/it.’ (Y. S.)

(3)soraisa-jezutća.
(s)heRaisaACClook_for.3SG
’(S)he is looking for Raisa.’ (Y. S.)

(4)soutća.
(s)heworklook_for.3SG
’(S)he is looking for a job.’ (Y. S.)

In Udmurt both the S (1), and the A (2)–(4) functions are morphologically unmarked (on pronouns as well as nouns). The P function is morphologically marked on personal and demonstrative pronouns (2), and specific nouns (3), but unmarked in case the noun (4) or pronoun is non-specific (É. Kiss–Tánczos 2018).

Author: Erika Asztalos


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