(Udmurt)

SubMain & MainSub

SubMain: The subordinate clause generally precedes the main clause.

MainSub: The subordinate clause generally follows the main clause.

(1)kukemyn-iśk-omonvordsk-emšajer-ti-m,
whengoPRS1SGIbe_bornPTCP.PRFcountryPROL1SG
śulemnoštyrm-ekyrʒ́an-en.
heartagainfill3SGsongINSCOM
’When I go to my homeland, my heart fills with song again.’ (Winkler 2011: 168)

(2)aďamiuž-ezjaraty-ny kutsk-esoku,kusokyće=ke
manworkACCloveINF begin3SGthenwhenhesome=PCL
už-ezbydest-enoso-lyšumpot-e.
workACCfinish3SGanditDATbe_happy3SG
’One begins to love working when finishing a job makes him happy.’ (Vakhrushev et al. 1974: 59)

(3)mongurt-e berty-ku-m,dyšetiś-mepumita-j.
IvillageILLreturnCVB1SGteacher1SG.ACCmeetPST.1SG
’When I went back home I met my teacher.’ (Winkler 2011: 173)

(4)ʒ́ućkyl-ezumpyrtaśkekusp-a-myveraśky-ku.
RussianlanguageACCNEG.PRS.1PLbring_in.CNG.PRS.PLamongINE1PLtalkCVB
’We don’t use the Russian language when we talk to each other.’ (Georgieva 2018: 90)

In Udmurt, adverbial subordination can be expressed using a complex sentence with a finite subordinate clause (1)–(2) or a non-finite construction (3)–(4). In both of the cases the subordinate clause can either precede the main clause (1), (3) or follow it (2), (4), though the subordinate clause–main clause order is more common in non-finite subordinate structures (3) (Perevoshchikov 1959: 209–212).

Author: Erika Asztalos


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