(Udmurt)

QuantN

QuantN: Quantifiers precede the nouns they modify.

(1)oźynolu-e,vańkontrabas-joskytyn_ke„uža-lo”.
soPCLbe3SGeverycontrabassPLsomewherework3PL
’It is also possible that every double bass is “working” somewhere right now.’ (UdmCorp.)

(2)„1000sekejnyl”koťkudgužemortč-e.
1000székelygirlevery summerhappen3SG
’The „1000 székely girls” [a traditional meeting] is organized every summer.’ (UdmCorp.)

(3)šugučyr-joslu-okońešnokaždyjar.
hardcasePLbe3PLnaturallyeveryyear
’Of course there are sad events every year.’ (UdmCorp.)

(4)každojnylpimuketśamenjarat-ekńiga-jez (…)
everychildotherwaylove3SGbookACC
’Every child loves books differently (…)’ (UdmCorp.)

In Udmurt, universal quantifiers precede the noun they form a constituent with. The universal quantifiers can be vań (1), koťkud (2), or the Russian word každyj (3) together with its variant každoj (4), with the -oj ending being of Russian origin, added to the stem in order to integrate Russian relational adjectives into Udmurt sentences (cf. e.g. Edygarova 2018) – out of the latter two expressions of Russian origin každyj can be regarded as an example of code switching, whereas každoj is rather an instance of borrowing (for more on adjectival code switching see e.g. Salánki – Kondrateva 2018).

Author: Laura Horváth


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