(Udmurt)

PPV

PPV: Independent personal pronouns precede the verb in nominative constructions.

(1) mončemvuyli-śkomordovi-lenšorkar-a-z –saransk-e.
IoftenarrivePRS.1SGMordoviaGENcapitalILL3SGSaranskILL
’I often travel to Saransk, the capital of Mordovia.’ (Udmurt corpus)

(2) asnyl-mekaďjarati-śkomonton-e.
owngirlACC.1SGaslovePRS1.SGIyouACC
’I love you like my own daughter.’ (Vilkuna 1998: 191)

In Udmurt personal pronouns functioning as the subject precede the verb in a neutral sentence (1). Subject pronouns, however, can also appear post-verbally. This typically happens in those non-neutral, emphatic sentences where the subject is non-emphatic, appears as a constituent with low communicative value (cf. Ponarjadov 2010: 23–28), and is already known from the context (Vilkuna 1998: 192), that is, it encodes a backgrounded participant (2).

Author: Erika Asztalos


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