(Udmurt)

NoXDWO

NoXDWO: There is no dominant word order of nominal adverbials.

(1) šokoladvylepurt-engožleśt-i-z.
chocolateonknifeINSCOMlinedoPST3SG
‘(S)he drew a line on the chocolate with a knife.’ (Udmurt corpus)

(2)mar=o ton,onton,šyd-ezpurt-enśi-iśk-od,
what=Q youAntonsoupACCknifeINSCOMeatPRS2SG
ogpalm-i-d=amar=a?
go_madPST2SG=Qwhat=Q
’Come on, Anton, you’re eating the soup with a knife, have you gone mad or what?’ (Udmurt corpus)

(3)kolxozkivaltiś-joskońdonözkuryl-e=ukgurt
kolkhozleaderPLmoneyNEG.PST.3askCNG.PL=PCLvillage
kalyk-lyjurtt-emponna.
peopleDAThelpNMLZfor
’In fact, the leaders of the kolkhoz did not ask any money for the help they gave to the people of the village.’ (Udmurt corpus)

(4)kapkaaźynsyl-iśanaj-ez-ly poćtaľonmyńpoty-sa
gatein_front_ofstandPTCP.IMPRmother3SGDATpostmansmileCVB
myć-i-zkonvert.
hand_overPST3SGenvelope
’The postman handed over the envelope to his/her mother standing in front of the gate smiling.’ (Udmurt corpus)

In a 50-sentence sample taken from the Udmurt corpus containing a nominal object and a nominal adverbial of place, source, purpose, instrument, accompaniment or recipient in Udmurt, 42% of the data has XOV order (1), 38% is OXV (2), with 14% being OVX (3), and 6% XVO (4). That is, based on this analysis, it is impossible to identify a dominant order for such sentences in Udmurt.

Author: Erika Asztalos


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