(Udmurt)

AdjPredNonV

AdjPredNonV: Predicative adjectives are non-verbal.

(1)monkino-jevetly-nytužjarat-iśk-o.
IcinemaILLgoINFverylikePRS1SG
’I like going to the cinema very much.’ (Kozmács 2002a: 45)

(2)tyloburdo-ossiźylkošk-o.
birdPLautumnleave3PL
’The birds leave in the autumn.’ (Kozmács 2002a: 45)

(3)ńulesbadʒ́ym.
forestbig
’The forest is big.’ (Kel’makov – Hännikäinen 2008: 68)

(4)ńules-josbadʒ́ym-eś.
forestPLbigPL
’The forests are big.’ (Kel’makov – Hännikäinen 2008: 68)

(5)ńulespićiövöl.
forestsmallCOP.NEG
’The forest is not small.’ (Kel’makov – Hännikäinen 2008: 34)

(6)ńulesbadʒ́ymvylem.
forestbigCOP.2PST
’The forest was big.’ (Kel’makov – Hännikäinen 2008: 34)

In Udmurt, verbs agree with the subject in number and person ((1)-(2)), and they can be marked for tense and mood. Predicative adjectives agree with the subject only in number (they have a plural suffix when the subject is plural)((3)-(4)), but they cannot be marked for person, tense, or mood.

In negative sentences, or when reference is made to the past or the future, predicative adjectives are accompanied by a copula ((5)-(6)).

Author: Laura Horváth


[🠐 back]