(Udmurt)

AttrDiff

AttrDiff: The three functions are expressed using three distinct morphosyntactic strategies. This is known as complete differentiation.

(1)gordsumka
redbag
’red bag’ (Y. S.)

(2)maša-lenapaj-ez
MashaGENolder.sister3SG
’Masha’s older sister’ (Assmann et al. 2013: 35)

(3)gožt-emgožtet
writePST.PTCPletter
’written letter’ (Keľmakov – Hännikäinen 2008: 227)

In Udmurt the three modifier constructions are built in different ways. In adnominal adjectival constructions, when the noun is in the nominative case, the adjective also has a nominative form (1). The possessor of possessive constructions has a genitive suffix (or an ablative one in case the possessee is in accusative case, cf. Keľmakov & Hännikäinen 2008: 126), while the possessed item typically (but not exclusively, see e.g. Winkler 2011: 64, Keľmakov & Hännikäinen 2008: 86–87, Edygarova 2009: 102) takes a possessive suffix (2). In subordinating constructions the verbal stem can be accompanied by the following participial suffixes: the present/active suffix -(i)ś, past/passive -(e)m (3), the suffix -(o)no expressing necessity and -mon expressing potentiality (Keľmakov – Hännikäinen 2008: 227–228, 240–241, Csúcs 1998: 291, Winkler 2011: 157, Perevoshchikov et al. 1962: 257–268).

Author: Laura Horváth


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