(Udmurt)

RelPro & CorrelPro & RcnonO

RelPro: Object-headed relative clauses include both the nominal head of the relative clause in the main clause and an obligatory coreferential pronoun in the relative clause. The pronoun is marked as the object of the relative clause, while the nominal head is marked for the role it plays in the main clause.

CorrelPro: Object-headed relative clauses obligatorily include both the nominal head in the relative clause and either the same noun or a more generic term in the main clause.

RCnonO: While the nominal head of a relative clause can be understood to be the object of the clause, this role is not marked grammatically; instead, the noun is only marked for its syntactic role in the main clause.

(1) stuďent-jos, kud-jos-se mon uńiverśiťet-yn dyšet-i,
studentPLwhoPLDET.ACCIuniversityINEteachPST.1SG
tužtyršiś-eś val.
verydiligentPLCOP.PST
’The students who I taught at the university were very diligent.’ (Winkler 2011: 169)

(2)kud-zepiosmurt-ezmonjarat-iśko,soöz
whoDET.ACCmanACCIlovePRS.1SGheNEG.PST.3
lyktypaťi-je.
come.CNG.SGpartyILL
‘The man who I love did not come to the party.’ (Y. S.)

(3)tańikyľľ-okyma-mpyž-jos.
herelie3PLspillPTCP.PRFflourPL
’And here is the spilled flour.’ (Shutov 2011: 263)

In Udmurt, relative clauses can be expressed by subordinate clauses containing a finite verb (1)–(2), or non-finite constructions (3). There is always a relative pronoun in finite relative clauses (1) in the case form determined by the subordinate clause (accusative in (1)–(2)). In sentences with finite relative clauses there is either a head noun (1) or its pronominal representative (2) present in the main clause. In non-finite constructions the case of the head noun is determined by its function in the main clause (3).

Author: Erika Asztalos


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