(Udmurt)

Refl=Intens

Refl=Intens: Reflexive pronouns and intensifiers are identical in form.

(1)soponnaaćizolegažgihin (...)
itforselfOlegAzhgihin
šаjеr-yśt-ymytodmostilistdyšet-i-z.
countryside-ELA-1PLfamousstylistteach-PST-3SG
’Who taught me this was Oleg Azhgihin himself, the famous stylist living in our countryside.’ (UdmCorp.)

(2)as-meaćimpetyr-jos-lenkar-yśt-yzypetyr
selfACC.1SGmyselfPeterPLGENtownELAT3PLPeter
šu-iśk-o.
sayPRS1SG
’I call myself Peter after the town of Peter (and company).’ (UdmCorp.)

(3)monaćimkuiń-eti-zevaj-ynyturtt-iśk-oaj.
ImyselfthreeORDDET.ACCbringINFtryPRS1SGPCL
’I myself am trying to give birth to the third.’ (UdmCorp.)

(4)aćimpićidyr-yśen-ymnene-lyjurtt-yl-i.
myselftinyageEGR1SGmumDAThelpFQVPST.1SG
’I myself have been helping mum since I was a small child.’ (UdmCorp.)

In Udmurt, different forms of the reflexive pronoun aćim can be used as either intensifiers (1), (3), (4), or reflexives (2). They can be combined with nouns (1), personal pronouns (3), but they can also be used without these (2), (4).

Author: Laura Horváth


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