(Udmurt)

FutOptInfl

FutOptInfl: Grammatical expression of future time is optional; when used, it is expressed through verbal inflection (a modified or affixed form of the verb).

(1)monćukaźekošk-o.
1SGtomorrowleaveFUT.1SG
’I am leaving tomorrow.’ (Y. S.)

(2)monćukaźekošk-iśko.
1SGtomorrowleavePRS.1SG
’I am leaving tomorrow.’ (Winkler 2001: 47)

(3)vuonoar-yndugd-iśkokysk-em-leś.
nextyearINEstopPRS.1SGsmokingPTCp.PRFABL
’I will quit smoking next year.’

In Udmurt, future time is usually expressed by the inflected future form of the verb (1), but a present form is also possible (2) – according to some the latter is primarily used to refer to events in the near future (Perevoshchikov et al. 1962: 200, Winkler 2001: 47), but certain data indicate that more distant future reference is not excluded either (3).

Author: Erika Asztalos


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